shell基础巩固第四天
for循环语句
for 变量 in 变量列表
do
指令
done
do
指令
done
or
for ((exp1;exp2;exp3))
do
指令
done
rename改名软件
[root@sf106232 test]# ll total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 68 Jun 20 17:41 del.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 20 15:49 test_201706201_1.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 20 15:49 test_201706201_2.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 20 15:49 test_201706201_3.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 20 15:49 test_201706201_4.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 20 15:49 test_201706201_5.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 20 15:49 test_201706201_6.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 20 15:49 test_201706201_7.txt [root@sf106232 test]# rename "test" "suixiaofeng" *.txt [root@sf106232 test]# ll total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 68 Jun 20 17:41 del.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 20 15:49 suixiaofeng_201706201_1.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 20 15:49 suixiaofeng_201706201_2.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 20 15:49 suixiaofeng_201706201_3.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 20 15:49 suixiaofeng_201706201_4.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 20 15:49 suixiaofeng_201706201_5.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 20 15:49 suixiaofeng_201706201_6.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 20 15:49 suixiaofeng_201706201_7.txt [root@sf106232 test]#
先关闭3级别的开启的任务，然后开启需要开启的。
for abc in `chkconfig --list|grep 3:on |awk '{print $1}'`; do chkconfig --level 3 $abc off ;done
[root@sf106232 test]# for abc in crond network rsyslog sshd sysstat ; do chkconfig --level 3 $abc on ; done
[root@sf106232 test]# chkconfig --list|grep 3:on
crond 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
rsyslog 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:off 6:off
sshd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
sysstat 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:off 5:on 6:off
or
chkconfig --list|grep 3:on |grep -vE "crond|sshd|network|rsyslog|sysstat"|awk '{print "chkconfig " $1 "off"}'
1到100的加法.
[root@sf106232 script]# sh 20170705.sh
5050
[root@sf106232 script]# cat 20170705.sh
#!/bin/sh
for ((i=1;i<=100;i++))
do
((sum=sum+i))
done
echo $sum
数据库分库备份脚本开发使用。
#!/bin/bash
#*****************************************************
# Author: suixiaofeng
# blog:https://bk.devopstack.cn
# Email: 258818040@qq.com
# Last modified: 2017-07-06 13:52
# Filename: 20170706.sh
# Description:
#****************************************************
PATH="/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH"
DBPATH=/back
MYUSER=root
MYPASS=test
SOCKET=/db/mysql.sock
MYCMD="mysql -u$MYUSER -p$MYPASS -S $SOCKET"
MYSUMP="mysqldump -u$MYUSER -p$MYPASS -S $SOCKET"
mkdir $DBPATH/$(date +%F)
[ ! -d "$DBPATH" ] && mkdir $DBPATH
for dbname in `$MYCMD -e "show databases;" | sed '1,2d'| egrep -v "mysql|schema"`
do
$MYSUMP $dbname | gzip >$DBPATH/$(date +%F)/${dbname}_$(date +%F).sql.gz
# $MYSUMP $dbname > $DBPATH/${dbname}_$(date +%F).sql
done
备注：
mysqldump -u$MYUSER -p$MYPASS -S /db/mysql.sock dbname |gzip > dbname.sql.gz 备份压缩
数据库分库分表备份脚本开发使用。
#!/bin/bash
#*****************************************************
# Author: suixiaofeng
# blog:https://bk.devopstack.cn
# Email: 258818040@qq.com
# Last modified: 2017-07-06 13:52
# Filename: 20170706.sh
# Description:
#****************************************************
PATH="/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH"
DBPATH=/u02/back
MYUSER=root
MYPASS=test
SOCKET=/tmp/mysql.sock
MYCMD="mysql -u$MYUSER -p$MYPASS -S $SOCKET"
MYSUMP="mysqldump -u$MYUSER -p$MYPASS -S $SOCKET"
[ ! -d "$DBPATH" ] && mkdir $DBPATH
for dbname in `$MYCMD -e "show databases;" | sed '1,2d'| egrep -v "mysql|schema"`
do
mkdir $DBPATH/$(date +%F)/${dbname} -p
for table in `$MYCMD -e "show tables from $dbname;"|sed '1d'`
do
$MYSUM $dbname $table |gzip >$DBPATH/$(date +%F)/${dbname}/${dbname}_${table}.sql.gz
done
done
生产环境下批量检查web服务是否正常，并发送邮件或者手机报警
#!/bin/bash
#*****************************************************
# Author: suixiaofeng
# blog:https://bk.devopstack.cn
# Email: 258818040@qq.com
# Last modified: 2017-07-06 15:01
# Filename: web_url.sh
# Description:
#****************************************************
path=/u02/script/script
MAIL_GROUP="Daniel_gtj@163.com 258818040@qq.com"
PAGER_GROUP="17621061569 18326885639"
LOG_FILE="/tmp/web_check.log"
[ ! -d "$path" ] && mkdir -p $path
function Url_LIST () {
cat >$path/domain.list<<EOF
https://bk.devopstack.cn
http://cool360.org
http://www.cool360.org
http://7ipoint.cool360.org
EOF
}
function CheckURL () {
FAILCOUNT=0
for ((i=1;i<=3;i++))
do
wget -T 5 -q --tries=1 --spider $1 >/dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
let FAILCOUNT+=1;
else
break
fi
done
return $FAILCOUNT
}
function MAIL () {
local SUBJECT_CONTENT=$1
for MAIL_USER in `echo $MAIL_GROUP`
do
mail -s "$SUBJECT_CONTENT" $MAIL_USER < $LOG_FILE
done
}
function PAGER () {
for PAGER_USER in `echo $PAGER_GROUP`
do
TITLE=$1
CONTACT=$PAGER_GROUP
HTTPPGW=http: ##对应短信接口链接
##send_message method
curl -d cdkey= -d password= -d phone=$CONTACT -d message="$TITLE[$2]" $HTTPPGW
done
}
function SendMSg() {
if [ $1 -ge 3 ]
then
RETVAL=1
NOW_TIME=`date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`
SUBJECT_CONTENT="http://$2 is error,${NOW_TIME}."
echo -e "$SUBJECT_CONTENT" |tee $LOG_FILE
MAIL $SUBJECT_CONTENT
PAGER $SUBJECT_CONTENT $NOW_TIME
else
echo "$2 is ok"
RETVAL=0
fi
return $RETVAL
}
function main() {
Url_LIST
for url in `cat $path/domain.list`
do
CheckURL $url
SendMSg $? $url
done
}
main
在这篇文章中写了简单的web_url检测脚本：https://bk.devopstack.cn/archives/746.html
备注：这个脚本函数相互之间联系比较紧密，值得好好学习。
获取数字加字母的随机数
[root@sf106232 script]# echo $RANDOM|md5sum |cut -c 1-10
9b1a6dc629
[root@sf106232 script]# echo $RANDOM|md5sum |cut -c 1-10
9b1a6dc629
添加用户并设置随机密码
[root@sf106232 script]# cat 20170711.sh
#!/bin/bash
#*****************************************************
# Author: suixiaofeng
# blog:https://bk.devopstack.cn
# Email: 258818040@qq.com
# Last modified: 2017-07-11 15:20
# Filename: 20170711.sh
# Description:
#****************************************************
. /etc/init.d/functions
user="test"
passfile="/tmp/user.log"
for num in `seq -w 11 15`
do
pass="`echo "test$RANDOM" |md5sum |cut -c 3-11`"
useradd $user$num &>/dev/null &&\
echo "$pass"|passwd --stdin $user$num &>/dev/null &&\
echo -e "user:$user$num\tpasswd:$pass" >>$passfile
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
action "$user$num is ok" /bin/true
else
action "$user$num is false" /bin/false
fi
done
echo --------------------------------------------------
cat $passfile && >$passfile
结果：
[root@sf106232 script]# sh 20170711.sh test01 is ok [ OK ] test02 is ok [ OK ] test03 is ok [ OK ] test04 is ok [ OK ] test05 is ok [ OK ] test06 is ok [ OK ] test07 is ok [ OK ] test08 is ok [ OK ] test09 is ok [ OK ] test10 is ok [ OK ] test11 is false [FAILED] test12 is false [FAILED] test13 is false [FAILED] test14 is false [FAILED] test15 is false [FAILED] -------------------------------------------------- user:test01 passwd:4254ee218 user:test02 passwd:162204f72 user:test03 passwd:a4bdacff8 user:test04 passwd:4fc2261da user:test05 passwd:b6cc21f98 user:test06 passwd:158e571a3 user:test07 passwd:d27c0fcb7 user:test08 passwd:2476823e5 user:test09 passwd:cbc65ba9e user:test10 passwd:c30c4a6ae
select 循环语句
语法结构：
select 变量名 [in 菜单取值列表]
do
指令
done
例子：
#!/bin/bash #***************************************************** # Author: suixiaofeng # blog:https://bk.devopstack.cn # Email: 258818040@qq.com # Last modified: 2017-07-11 21:10 # Filename: 2017071101.sh # Description: #**************************************************** select name in cool360 cool360.org blog.cool360.org do echo $name done 测试： [root@sf106232 script]# sh 2017071101.sh 1) cool360 2) cool360.org 3) blog.cool360.org #?
采用数组做变量列表：
f106232 script]# cat 2017071101.sh
#!/bin/bash
#*****************************************************
# Author: suixiaofeng
# blog:https://bk.devopstack.cn
# Email: 258818040@qq.com
# Last modified: 2017-07-11 21:10
# Filename: 2017071101.sh
# Description:
#****************************************************
array=(cool cool360 cool360.org)
select name in "${array[@]}"
do
echo $name
done
结果：
[root@sf106232 script]# sh 2017071101.sh
1) cool
2) cool360
3) cool360.org
#? 3
cool360.org
#?
lnmp一键安装脚本select版
# Author: suixiaofeng
# blog:https://bk.devopstack.cn
# Email: 258818040@qq.com
# Last modified: 2017-07-14 14:12
# Filename: lnmp.sh
# Description:
#****************************************************
RETVAR=0
path=/u01/scripts
[ ! -d "$path" ] && mkdir $path -p
function Usage() {
echo "Usage:$0 argv"
return 1
}
function InstallService() {
if [ $# -ne 1 ] ; then
Usage
fi
local RETVAR=0
echo "start installing ${1}."
sleep 2 ;
if [ ! -x "$path/${1}.sh" ] ; then
echo " $path/${1}.sh does not exist or can not be exec."
return 1
else
$path/$${1}.sh
return $RETVAR
fi
}
function main () {
PS3="`echo pls input the num you want:`"
select var in "Install lamp" "Install lnmp" "exit"
do
case "$var" in
"Install lamp")
InstallService lamp
RETVAR=$?
;;
"Install lnmp")
InstallService lnmp
RETVAR=$?
;;
exit)
echo bye.
return 3
;;
*)
echo "the num you input must be {1|2|3}"
echo "Input ERROR."
esac
done
exit $RETVAR
}
main
测试：
[root@sf106232 scripts]# sh lnmp.sh 1) Install lamp 2) Install lnmp 3) exit pls input the num you want:2 start installing lnmp. /u01/scripts/lnmp.sh does not exist or can not be exec. pls input the num you want:
方法2.
#!/bin/bash
#*****************************************************
# Author: suixiaofeng
# blog:https://bk.devopstack.cn
# Email: 258818040@qq.com
# Last modified: 2017-07-14 14:12
# Filename: lnmp.sh
# Description:
#****************************************************
RETVAR=0
path=/u01/scripts
[ ! -d "$path" ] && mkdir $path -p
function Usage() {
echo "Usage:$0 argv"
return 1
}
function InstallService() {
if [ $# -ne 1 ] ; then
Usage
fi
local RETVAR=0
echo "start installing ${1}."
sleep 2 ;
if [ ! -x "$path/${1}.sh" ] ; then
echo " $path/${1}.sh does not exist or can not be exec."
return 1
else
$path/$${1}.sh
return $RETVAR
fi
}
function main () {
PS3="`echo pls input the num you want:`"
select var in "Install lamp" "Install lnmp" "exit"
do
case "$REPLY" in
1)
InstallService lamp
RETVAR=$?
;;
2)
InstallService lnmp
RETVAR=$?
;;
3)
echo bye.
return 3
;;
*)
echo "the num you input must be {1|2|3}"
echo "Input ERROR."
esac
done
exit $RETVAR
}
main
sh lnmp.sh
1) Install lamp
2) Install lnmp
3) exit
pls input the num you want:1
start installing lamp.
/u01/scripts/lamp.sh does not exist or can not be exec.
pls input the num you want:2
start installing lnmp.
/u01/scripts/lnmp.sh does not exist or can not be exec.
pls input the num you want:3
bye.
备注：select有两个重要的变量，一个是PS3，一个是$REPLY.
PS3:打印提示信息。
PEPLY:获取菜单对应的数字，用来在case里调用。
PS3:打印提示信息。
PEPLY:获取菜单对应的数字，用来在case里调用。
循环控制状态返回值实践
给网卡配置子ip.
例子：
#!/bin/bash
#*****************************************************
# Author: suixiaofeng
# blog:https://bk.devopstack.cn
# Email: 258818040@qq.com
# Last modified: 2017-07-14 19:59
# Filename: ip_add_del.sh
# Description:
#****************************************************
#!/bin/bash
[ -f /etc/init.d/functions ] && . /etc/init.d/functions
RETVAL=0
op() {
if [ "$1" == "del" ] ; then
list=`echo {16..1}`
else
list=`echo {1..16}`
fi
for ip in $list
do
if [ $ip -eq 10 ]
then
continue
fi
ip addr $1 10.0.2.$ip/24 dev eth0 label eth0:$ip &>/dev/null
RETVAL=$?
if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]
then
action "$1 $ip" /bin/true
else
action "$1 $ip" /bin/false
fi
done
return $RETVAL
}
case "$1" in
start)
op add
RETVAL=$?
;;
stop)
op del
RETVAL=$?
;;
restart)
op del
sleep 2
op add
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"USAGE:$0 {start|stop|restart}"
esac
exit $RETVAL
[root@sf106232 scripts]# sh ip_add_del.sh start
add 1 [ OK ]
add 2 [ OK ]
add 3 [ OK ]
add 4 [ OK ]
add 5 [ OK ]
add 6 [ OK ]
add 7 [ OK ]
add 8 [ OK ]
add 9 [ OK ]
add 11 [ OK ]
add 12 [ OK ]
add 13 [ OK ]
add 14 [ OK ]
add 15 [ OK ]
add 16 [ OK ]
[root@sf106232 scripts]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:9C:3B:F2
inet addr:10.19.106.232 Bcast:10.19.106.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:26215297 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:16254411 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:2901795004 (2.7 GiB) TX bytes:2101024325 (1.9 GiB)
eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:9C:3B:F2
inet addr:10.0.2.1 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
eth0:2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:9C:3B:F2
inet addr:10.0.2.2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
eth0:3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:9C:3B:F2
inet addr:10.0.2.3 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
eth0:4 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:9C:3B:F2
inet addr:10.0.2.4 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
eth0:5 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:9C:3B:F2
MD5sum加密后破解
#!/bin/bash
#*****************************************************
# Author: suixiaofeng
# blog:https://bk.devopstack.cn
# Email: 258818040@qq.com
# Last modified: 2017-07-14 21:18
# Filename: md5sum.sh
# Description:
#****************************************************
for n in {0..32767}
do
echo "`echo $n |md5sum` $n" >> /tmp/zhiwen.log
done
md5char="04fe8bf20edfc"
while read line
do
if [ `echo $line|grep "$md5char"|wc -l ` -eq 1 ]
then
echo $line
break
fi
done </tmp/zhiwen.log
[root@sf106232 scripts]# sh md5sum.sh
1dcca23355272056f04fe8bf20edfce0 - 5
[root@sf106232 scripts]# sh md5sum.sh
shell中的数组
语法：
array=( value1 value2 value3 ..)
[root@sf106232 scripts]# array=(1 2 3)
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[*]}
1 2 3
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[@]}
1 2 3
[root@sf106232 scripts]# array=([1]=one [2]=two [3]=3)
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[2]}
two
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[3]}
3
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[1]}
one
动态定义数组变量
[root@sf106232 scripts]# array=(`ls `)
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[@]}
ip_add_del.sh lnmp1.sh lnmp.sh md5sum.sh
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[1]}
lnmp1.sh
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[0]}
ip_add_del.sh、
数组赋值：
[root@sf106232 scripts]# array[4]=testtest
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[*]}
ip_add_del.sh lnmp1.sh lnmp.sh md5sum.sh testtest
数组删除：
[root@sf106232 scripts]# unset array[1]
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[*]}
ip_add_del.sh lnmp.sh md5sum.sh testtest
删除整个数组
[root@sf106232 scripts]# unset array
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[*]}
数组截取
[root@sf106232 scripts]# array=(1 2 3 4 5)
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[@]:0:2}
1 2
数组替换
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[@]}
1 2 3 4 5
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[@]/2/c}
1 c 3 4 5
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[@]/1/c}
c 2 3 4 5
[root@sf106232 scripts]# array=(1 2 3 4 5 5 5)
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[@]/5/c}
1 2 3 4 c c c
[root@sf106232 scripts]# cat array.sh
#!/bin/bash
array=(a b c d e)
for((i=0; i<${#array[@]};i++))
do
echo ${array[i]}
done
[root@sf106232 scripts]# sh array.sh
a
b
c
d
e
[root@sf106232 scripts]# cat array.sh
#!/bin/bash
array=(a b c d e)
i=0
while ((i<${#array[@]}))
do
echo ${array[i]}
((i++))
done
[root@sf106232 scripts]# array=($(ls))
[root@sf106232 scripts]# echo ${array[@]}
array.sh ip_add_del.sh lnmp1.sh lnmp.sh md5sum.sh
mysql主从检查报警脚本
#!/bin/bash
path=/u02/scripts
MAIL_GROUP="258818040@qq.com 258818041@qq.com"
PAGER_GROUP="1111111111 22222222222"
LOG_FILE="/tmp/web_check.log"
USER=root
PASSWORD=test
PORT=3306
MYSQLCMD="mysql -u$USER -p$PASSWORD -S /data/$PORT/mysql.sock"
error=(1008 1007 1062)
RETVAL=0
[ ! -d $path ] && mkdir -p $path
function JudgeError(){
for((i=0;i<${#error[*]};i++))
do
if [ "$1" == "${error[$i]}" ]
then
echo "MySQL slave errorno is $1,auto repairing it."
$MYSQLCMD -e "stop slave;set global sql_slave_skip_counter=1;start slave;"
fi
done
return $1
}
function CheckDb(){
status=($(awk -F ': ' '/_Running|Last_Errno|_Behind/{print $NF}' slave.log))
expr ${status[3]} + 1 &>/dev/null
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
status[3]=300
fi
if [ "${status[0]}" == "Yes" -a "${status[1]}" == "Yes" -a ${status[3]} -lt 120 ]
then
#echo "Mysql slave status is ok"
return 0
else
#echo "mysql replcation is failed"
JudgeError ${status[2]}
fi
}
function MAIL(){
local SUBJECT_CONTENT=$1
for MAIL_USER in `echo $MAIL_GROUP`
do
mail -s "$SUBJECT_CONTENT " $MAIL_USER <$LOG_FILE
done
}
function PAGER(){
for PAGER_USER in `echo $PAGER_GROUP`
do
TITLE=$1
CONTACT=$PAGER_USER
HTTPGW=
#send_message method1
curl -d
done
}
function SendMsg(){
if [ $1 -ne 0 ]
then
RETVAL=1
NOW_TIME=`date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`
SUBJECT_CONTENT="mysql slave is error,errorno is $2,${NOW_TIME}."
echo -e "$SUBJECT_CONTENT"|tee $LOG_FILE
MAIL $SUBJECT_CONTENT
PAGER $SUBJECT_CONTENT $NOW_TIME
else
echo "Mysql slave status is ok"
RETVAL=0
fi
return $RETVAL
}
function main(){
while true
do
CheckDb
SendMsg $?
sleep 300
done
}
main
sh -n 可以调试脚本语法
sh -v
sh -x
set -n 读命令不执行
set -v 显示读取的所有行
set -x 显示所有命令和参数，一般写在脚本里面开启，set +x 终止调试。可以局部调试。
sh -v
sh -x
set -n 读命令不执行
set -v 显示读取的所有行
set -x 显示所有命令和参数，一般写在脚本里面开启，set +x 终止调试。可以局部调试。
[root@sf106232 scripts]# sh -n lnmp.sh lnmp.sh: line 73: syntax error: unexpected end of file 改正之后： [root@sf106232 scripts]# vim lnmp.sh [root@sf106232 scripts]# sh -n lnmp.sh
注释：用vim编辑器 在Esc模式下 可以按v限定调整格式的行数然后按=号调整代码的格式。操作不可逆。
点击可以展开查看历史记录
这货来去如风，什么鬼都没留下！！！
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